The following examples are basic formatting rules for Reference List citations. For more in depth information on reference list entries, in-text citations, and/or how to set up your paper, please see the APA Resource Guides list.
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SOURCE TYPE |
EXAMPLE |
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BOOK: Author, A. A. (Publication Year). Title of book: Capitalize the subtitle and italicize. Location: Publisher. |
Canada, G. (1995). Fist stick knife gun: A personal history of violence in America. Boston: Beacon Press. |
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ARTICLE: Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical in italics, volume number (issue number), pages. |
Journal articles that are paginated by volume This example refers to journals that begin numbering the pages in the first issue and continue numbering through all the issues of the volume. Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical in italics, volume number, pages. |
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Journal articles that are paginated by issue This example refers to journals that begin numbering the pages at one for each issue. Due to this it is essential to indicate the issue number in order for the reader to locate the correct pages of the article. Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical in italics, volume number (issue number), pages. |
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Article from an Online Periodical Online articles are cited in the same way as printed articles, however you also need to include the information regarding online access and availability. Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical in italics, volume number (issue if available), pages. Retrieved from http://www.thewebsitewherethearticlewasfound.org |
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Article from an Online Periodical with DOI Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical in italics, volume number, pages. doi:12.34567:891011121314 |
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Article from an Online Periodical without DOI If the scholarly article does not have a DOI, then the URL needs to be cited. Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical in italics, volume number, pages. Retrieved from http://www.thewebsitewherethearticlewasfound.org
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Other Print Sources Citing a work that is discussed in a secondary source Include a reference to the source the work was discussed in according to its type (book, article, etc.). NOTE: Give the secondary source in the references list; in the text, name the original work, and give a citation for the secondary source. For example, if Seidenberg and McClelland's work is cited in Coltheart et al. and you did not read the original work, list the Coltheart et al. reference in the References. |
In the text, use the following citation: In Seidenberg and McClelland's study (as cited in Coltheart, Curtis, Atkins, & Haller, 1993), ... " ("OWL Purdue Online Writing Lab", April 21, 2010)
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